It was a quiet Thursday afternoon when AS, a 68-year-old woman from a suburb of Chicago, awakened from a nap to the realization that something was terribly wrong.

When AS woke from her nap, she couldn’t find where doors or cabinets were. She couldn’t name or distinguish familiar household objects. She couldn’t read a book or the numbers on her telephone. She couldn’t see where the bedroom wall ended and the door began. Yet when she saw an ophthalmologist, her vision with glasses was 20/20. She and her husband left the ophthalmologist’s office with a referral to see a neurologist, and “wondering what sort of ailment could rob her of her ability to see the bathroom sink, while leaving her with what we typically think of as perfect vision.”

Balint’s syndrome is named after Austro-Hungarian neurologist Rezső Bálint, who first described it. The condition is caused by one or more strokes in certain regions of the brain. It causes three deficits: Difficulty initiating voluntary eye movements (such as following a physician’s finger); inaccurate arm pointing (a patient can see an object, but is unable to pick it up); and constriction of the visual field (ask a patient to look at a parking lot, and all she sees is a lamp post or a car.)

A Loyola University Medical Center paper “is an attempt to inform both our clinical and subjective understandings of Balint’s syndrome through narratives of two patients suffering from this rare and unique neurological disorder.”